India struck a number of websites inside Pakistani managed territory early Wednesday, two weeks after a lethal assault on vacationers within the disputed Kashmir plunged relations between the neighbours to new lows.
India accused Pakistan of backing the bloodbath, through which 26 males, principally Indian Hindus, have been killed, a cost Pakistan denies.
Troopers on all sides have exchanged fireplace alongside their de facto border for the reason that killings, with every blaming the opposite for capturing first. Each nations expelled diplomats and residents, ordered the border shut and closed their airspace for one another.
Right here’s a look at a number of conflicts between the 2 nations since their bloody partition in 1947:
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1947 — Months after British India is partitioned into a predominantly Hindu India and a Muslim-majority Pakistan, the 2 younger nations battle their first struggle over management of Muslim-majority Kashmir, then a kingdom dominated by a Hindu monarch. The struggle killed 1000’s earlier than ending in 1948.
1949 — A U.N.-brokered ceasefire line leaves Kashmir divided between India and Pakistan, with the promise of a U.N.-sponsored vote that may allow the area’s folks to determine whether or not to be half Pakistan or India. That vote has by no means been held.
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1965 — The rivals battle their second struggle over Kashmir. Hundreds are killed in inconclusive preventing earlier than a ceasefire is brokered by the Soviet Union and the US. Negotiations in Tashkent run till January 1966, ending in either side giving again territories they seized in the course of the struggle and withdrawing their armies.
1971 — India intervenes in a struggle over the independence of East Pakistan, which ends with the territory breaking away because the new nation of Bangladesh. An estimated 3 million folks are killed within the battle.
1972 — India and Pakistan signal a peace accord, renaming the ceasefire line in Kashmir because the Line of Contro. Either side deploy extra troops alongside the frontier, turning it into a closely fortified stretch of navy outposts.
1989 — Kashmiri dissidents, with help from Pakistan, launch a bloody rise up in opposition to Indian rule. Indian troops reply with brutal measures, intensifying diplomatic and navy skirmishes between New Delhi and Islamabad.
1999 — Pakistani troopers and Kashmiri fighters seize a number of Himalayan peaks on the Indian aspect. India responds with aerial bombardments and artillery. No less than 1,000 combatants are killed over 10 weeks, and a fearful world fears the preventing might escalate to nuclear battle. The U.S. finally steps in to mediate, ending the preventing.
2016 — Militants sneak into a military base in Indian-managed Kashmir, killing at least 18 troopers. India responds by sending particular forces inside Pakistani-held territory, later claiming to have killed a number of suspected rebels in “surgical strikes.” Pakistan denies that the strikes passed off, but it surely results in days of main border skirmishes. Combatants and civilians on either side are killed.
2019 — The 2 sides once more come near struggle after a Kashmiri rebel rams an explosive-laden automotive into a bus carrying Indian troopers, killing 40. India carries out airstrikes in Pakistani territory and claims to have struck a militant coaching facility. Pakistan later shoots down an Indian warplane and captures a pilot. He’s later launched, deescalating tensions.
2025 — Militants assault Indian vacationers within the area’s resort city of Pahalgam and kill 26 males, most of them Hindus. India blames Pakistan, which denies it. India vows revenge on the attackers as tensions rise to their highest level since 2019. Each nations cancel visas for one another’s residents, recall diplomats, shut their solely land border crossing and shut their airspaces to one another. New Delhi additionally suspends a essential water-sharing treaty.
© 2025 The Canadian Press
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